Transformer substation of 122b uit unit total area 61 m2. Signal transmission model for the substations grounding grid. Safety remains a primary concern for substation owners, specifically in terms of protecting human life, and ensuring reliable network. Substation grounding plays the primary role in several key aspects of fault clearing, equipment preservation and, most importantly, personnel protection as well as protection of the passing public. Importance and need of accurate modelling of soil of high. Pdf grounding system design in electrical substation. In this paper, effect of increasing in grounding grid resistance on transient overvoltage which is caused by short circuit, switching and lightning on the interior equipments and safety in a grounding grid at substation is investigated. Here ms flats are laid horizontally and ms rods are laid vertically to complete the mat. White papers substation grounding and step over native concerns. Grounding systems analysis and optimization by a thesis. Design principles of substation grounding system your.
The main purpose of this paper is the development of an optimization model to design grounding grids in electrical substations. Optimal substation ground grid design based on genetic algorithm and pattern search by qianzhi zhang a thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree master of science approved november 2014 by the graduate supervisory committee. Effect of increasing the grounding grid resistance of a. Substation grounding a project presented to the faculty of. Feynman formulas for semigroups generated by an iterated laplace operator. Optimal substation ground grid design based on genetic. The substation grounding conductor consists of flat steel structure, the cross section is 40 mm. The mesh may be covered with a layer of earth or crushed stone depending on the application. Safe operation of a substation calls for a properly designed and installed grounding system. The size and type of the substation can be vary, but those design aspects are similar. Prior to about 15 years ago, the basic methodology for ground testing remained fundamentally unchanged since it was originally devised in the early 20th century. Optimal design of grounding system for a substation is complex due to the involvement of numerous parameters. The grounding gives low resistance path to earth and reduces rise in ground potential which is dependent on magnitude of fault current and resistance of grounding system. These substation grounding design can be designed to regulate the system, to switch or changing the voltage of electricity in and out of a system.
Beyond information peculiar to technical crafts, every person who enters a substation has a common need to understand substation grounding. The design of a grounding grid in a substation is formulated as a. Rahi1, 2abhas kumar singh, shashi kant gupta3, shilpa goyal4 electrical engineering department, national institute of technology, hamirpur, india1,2,3,4 abstract this paper presents the design of earthing system for 2 kv substations and simulation for. When roger clemens reported to red sox springtraining camp in ft. Tylavsky, chair john undrill raja ayyanar arizona state university. Optimized design of substation grounding system using newly developed ieee compliant software issn. Earth mat is provided for all switch yard foundation structures. To the grounding grid for an 110kv substation, we make a simulated test. This paper proposes an online substation touch and step voltage monitoring scheme, which can continuously inject. An electrical substation is a serioussource in a power system.
Steps to ensure effective substation grounding photo by. Tosolvetheseproblems,themethodsthatcan monitor the grounding condition on a continuous, i. The low resistance of substation ground can not be obtained in deserts and rocky areas. The comparison between theoretical values and experimental values for various types of grounding grid performance at fixed depth is carried out 5,6. Substation grounding and step over native concerns power. The following are recommendation based on ieee std 5251992 shielding practices a the cable for computer or highspeed data logging applications, using lowlevel analog signals, should be made up of twisted and shielded pairs. Few personnel, most of them are professionals, can access the substation. The five volume report comprises the user manual, installation, and validation manual and an applications guide for the sga substation grounding analysis software package. For those users of the winigs integrated grounding system program, where do you input the resistive properties of x depth of substation rock when evaluating the touch and step potentials at a substation. The substation grounding grid is a system of horizontal, interconnected bare ground conductors, spaced a few meters apart, buried in the earth at a depth varying from 0. Java project tutorial make login and register form step by step using netbeans and mysql database duration.
This includes things to look for that might indicate problems in the. Therefore, substation reliability must be as builtin as possible because of the high available fault current levels present and unlikely occurrence of followup grounding inspections. The first three programs provide a comprehensive analysis tool for the design of substation grounding systems to meet safety standards. Abstract the main purpose of this paper is to acquaint the reader with various types of grounding systems prevalent in an electrical substation and their importance. Safe process of a substation appeals for a welldesigned and properly installed grounding system. Chrome, edge, explorer, firefox, nokia mobilepcload internet care. Over the years grounding design terms and definitionsprocedures have been developed as well as appropriate standards, most notable. Review of substation grounding practices, safety and. Welldesigned grounding system is very much essential as far as the safety of the crew and the substation equipments are concerned. With the enhanced substation modeling module of the cyme software, the user can model all the major components of distribution substations.
Grounding grid for the 400 kv stepup gis substation. The enduser would use a test instrument and probes to first inject a current into the earth between a test electrode and a remote probe, measure the voltage drop caused by the soil to a designated point, and then use ohms law to. Grounding systems analysis and optimization by xuan wu a thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree master of science approved november 20 by the graduate supervisory committee. Design of earthing grounding system in a substation grid. A welldesigned grounding system will safeguard reliable performance of the substation over its entire service life. What you need to know about substations incident prevention. Tylavsky, chair john undrill raja ayyanar arizona state university december 20.
A fault remaining in the system for long may cause several problems including those of power system stability. Electric substation design implementations through cymgrd this book is to discuss developmental procedure of an effective substation earthing system model to ensure that step and touch potentials. Presented to the faculty of the department of electrical and electronic engineering. The cymgrd software is a substation grounding grid design and analysis program specially developed to help engineers optimize the design of new grids and reinforce existing grids, of any shape, by virtue of easy to use, builtin danger point evaluation facilities. Ieee std 4872007, recommended practice for the protection of wireline communication facilities serving electric supply locations. With these things in mind, i am going to share to you, some of important free ebooks, tutorials, links and pdf related to substation grounding. Ieee std 80 is most often used to determine compliance for step and touch voltages and clearly applies within a substation fence. Cost effective grounding grid design for substation soni m, dr. Download scientific diagram grounding grid for the 400 kv stepup gis substation. Apr 09, 20 high voltage electronic system area is to bereferred as substation.
Grounding of urban gis substation connected to ommercial. Ansiieee std 802000, ieee guide for safety in ac substation grounding. Steps to ensure effective substation grounding part 1 eep. An electrical substation is a critical resource in a power system. The uniform and two layer soil structure for substation ground grid design is mostly used in india 4,5. The system neutral is connected to the ground through grounding. Successful operation of entire power system depends to a considerable extent on efficient and satisfactory performance of substations. Distribution systems are earthed to create a reference point for the system voltage, to facilitate the detection and discriminative isolation of faults involving contact to earth, and to limit overvoltages under transient conditions. Optimized design of substation grounding system using. Calculationofimportantdesignparametersforgroundingsystemsinsu.
Optimized design of substation grounding system using newly. The discharge path for surge arrestors and safety of operating personnels can also be achieved through grounding. Cost effective grounding grid design for substation. In high and medium voltage air insulated substations ais the electromagnetic field, which causes are the static charges of bare cable and conductors and by the atmospheric conditions surges, induce voltages at nolive parts of the installation that create potential differences between metallic parts and ground and also between different points of. Substations are designed with grounding systems with one function. Mortezaeei 2 1 electrical engineering department, seraj higher education institute, tabriz, iran, n. Therefore, the grounding system is satisfactory as long as it meets the national standard or guidelines. This 2day substation grounding training course will discuss how to maintain, test, and inspect a proper grounding system for the electrical power substation. A neutral earthing system is a system in which the neutral is connected to earth, either solidly, or through a resistance or. Their issues ranged from having a solid work platform versus having an employee attempt to work on electrical equipment, particularly switch boxes, while on ladders that may or may not be grounded. This includes things to look for that might indicate problems in the stations grounding system.
The calculations done with the cyme analysis modules can then take into account the effects of these installations on the overall distribution system to produce results that closely reflect reality. Two day national conference rteece2014 17th,18th january 2014 88 optimized design of substation grounding system. Simply unroll over the ground, interconnect by welding to adjacent sections of mesh using nvent erico cadweld, then weld to the main ground grid in substations or weld to ground rods. Design of grounding system for an electrical substation. Substation grounding programs technical report osti. Substation grounding training the electricity forum.